Pultrusion composite material is a high-performance fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) composite material manufactured using a continuous process called pultrusion. Here, continuous fibers (such as glass or carbon) are pulled through a thermosetting resin bath (such as epoxy resin, polyester, or vinyl ester) and then molded to form the desired shape. Then the resin solidifies to form a sturdy, lightweight, and durable composite product.

Pultrusion resin

Matrix resin is an important component of pultruded composite materials. Common pultruded resins include epoxy, polyurethane, phenolic, vinyl, as well as thermoplastic resin systems that have recently received widespread attention. Due to the characteristics of pultrusion composite materials, the matrix resin needs to have low mixing viscosity and fast reaction speed under high temperature conditions. When selecting the matrix resin, not only should the extrusion reaction rate be considered, but also the viscosity of the extrusion resin. If the viscosity is relatively high, it will affect the lubrication effect during product production.

epoxy resin

The pultrusion composite material prepared by epoxy pultrusion resin has high strength in application, can be used under high temperature conditions, and the curing speed is relatively fast. In addition, epoxy resin based fiber reinforced composite materials are the main materials for wind turbine blades and blade roots, but there are problems such as high brittleness, short applicability, poor permeability, and high curing temperature, which increase the difficulty of forming process, cause resource waste, and increase manufacturing costs, seriously restricting the development of China's wind power industry.

polyurethane

The viscosity of polyurethane resin is low, allowing for a higher amount of fiberglass than polyester or vinyl ester resin, which makes the bending elastic modulus of extruded polyurethane composite materials close to the properties of aluminum. Compared to other resins, it has excellent processing performance.

phenolic resin

Due to the outstanding advantages of low toxicity release, low smoke generation rate, and flame retardancy of phenolic resin, its extruded composite materials have gradually become a hot topic in the fields of rail transit, offshore oil drilling platforms, chemical anti-corrosion workshops, and pipelines in recent years. However, traditional phenolic resins have slow curing reaction rates and long molding cycles, especially during curing, which generates a large amount of condensed water and low molecular volatile substances. In rapidly and continuously produced pultrusion molded products, bubbles are easily formed, leaving pores, which seriously affect the performance of the products. Acid catalytic systems are usually used.

Vinyl ester resin

Vinyl alcohol resin has excellent mechanical properties, heat resistance, corrosion resistance, and rapid curing characteristics, making it one of the preferred resins for extruded products around 2000.

Thermoplastic resin

Thermoplastic composite materials avoid the inherent shortcomings of thermosetting composite materials, such as poor environmental friendliness, long processing cycles, and difficulty in recycling. They also have strong flexibility, impact resistance, good resistance to damage, and damping performance. Thermoplastic composite materials have strong resistance to chemical and environmental corrosion, and do not undergo chemical reactions during the curing process, allowing for rapid processing. Thermoplastic composite materials can be reused without compromising their performance. Common thermoplastic resins include polypropylene, nylon, polyphenylene sulfide, polyether ether ketone, polyethylene, polyamide, etc.

Compared with traditional materials such as metals, ceramics, and non reinforced plastics, fiberglass extrusion molding has multiple advantages. They have unique customization design capabilities that can meet specific product requirements.